内外分幅的整体复合式高速公路交通指路标志布设方法

胡鑫超; 戴喆; 奚坤

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.03.007

内外分幅的整体复合式高速公路交通指路标志布设方法

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.03.007

长安大学运输工程学院西安 710000

基金项目:

中国博士后科学基金面上项目 2022M710482

浙江省交通运输厅科技项目 2023016

详细信息

作者简介:
胡鑫超（1998—），硕士研究生. 研究方向：交通工程. E-mail: 2022134080@chd.edu.cn

通讯作者:
戴喆（1993—），博士，讲师. 研究方向：视频图像处理、多源数据协同感知、智能交通系统等. E-mail: zhedai@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: U491.5+2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-21

A Layout Method of Guide Signs for Inner and Outer Lanes Integrated Composite Expressway

College of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710000, China

摘要

摘要: 整体复合式高速公路具有特殊的道路结构和交通组织模式，所需传递的信息量较大。为提升指路标志引导效率，避免信息过载，改善整体复合式高速公路交通运行的安全性，针对该场景指路标志的布设展开研究。以广深高速公路为例，通过分析内外分幅交通组织模式下整体复合式高速公路特征，明确了指路标志的布设原则并据此提出了基于内外幅功能和基于车道功能的信息指引方法以及适用于复合式高速公路的指路信息分级方式。借助驾驶模拟技术，进行了指路标志的信息阈值和版面设计试验。先后测得不同信息数量指路标志驾驶人目标搜寻时间和被试人员驶出互通出口过程中横向偏移量、速度、加速度以及标志注视时间。信息阈值试验中，使用稳健估计理论处理目标信息搜寻时间，对比可供信息搜寻时间表，认为整体复合式高速公路指路标志信息阈值为8条。版面设计试验中，依据提出的2种信息指引方法和信息分级方式绘制的互通出口指路标志均能正确引导车辆到达目的地，但基于内外幅功能的指引方法信息传递效率更高，使得内外幅换道提前约250 m，驾驶速度提高5.88%，加速度标准差减小45.77%，并且缩短了驾驶人注视标志的时间。研究表明：在内外分幅的整体复合式高速公路中，使用基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法能提高指路标志视认性，有效引导交通运行，推荐整体复合式高速公路采用基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法布设指路标志。
- 交通工程 /
- 复合式高速公路 /
- 指路标志 /
- 驾驶模拟试验 /
- 内外分幅 /
- 稳健估计
Abstract: The integrated composite expressway has a special road structure and traffic organization mode, which requires the transmission of a large amount of information. In order to enhance the efficiency of guide signs, prevent information overload, and improve safety, research is conducted to optimize the layout of guide signs for this type of expressway. Using the Guangshen expressway as a case study, the research analyzes its characteristics of the inner and outer lanes to clarify layout principles for guide signs. It proposes information guidance methods based on the functions of inner and outer lanes and develops a grading method for guidance information. Through driving simulation technology, experiments are carried out to determine information threshold and layout design for guide signs. Drivers'target search time for different information quantities of guide signs is measured, as well as the lateral offset, speed, acceleration, and sign fixation time during interchange exits. In the information threshold experiment, robust estimation theory is applied to process the target information search time, concluding that the information threshold for guide signs on an integrated composite expressway is 8. In the layout design experiment, two sets of interchange exit guide signs are tested based on the proposed information guidance and grading methods. Both sets can correctly guide vehicles to their destinations. However, the guidance method based on the inner and outer functions proves more efficiency, leading to an earlier lane changes about 250 m, a 5.88% increase in driving speed, a 45.77% reduction in acceleration standard deviation, and a shortened sign fixation time. The research indicates that the proposed information guidance method effectively enhances sign visibility, guides traffic flow, and alleviates driver stress on integrated composite expressways. It is recommended to adopt the information guidance method based on the inner and outer functions for integrated composite expressways.
- traffic engineering /
- integrated composite expressway /
- guide sign /
- driving simulation test /
- inner and outer lanes /
- robust estimation

HTML全文

图 1 整体复合式高速公路横断面

Figure 1. Cross section of integrated composite expressway

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图 2 互通出口基准点关系

Figure 2. Interchange exit benchmark relationship

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图 3 指路标志布设试验流程

Figure 3. Test process for the layout of guide signs

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图 4 驾驶模拟平台概况

Figure 4. Overview of driving simulation platform

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图 5 试验场景线位图

Figure 5. Test scenario wiring diagram

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图 6 眼动仪及眼动数据分析软件

Figure 6. Eye tracker and eye tracking data analysis software

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图 7 信息阈值试验流程

Figure 7. Test process for information threshold

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图 8 基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法指路标志

Figure 8. Information guide based on inner and outer functions

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图 9 基于车道功能的信息指引方法指路标志设计

Figure 9. Information guide design based on lanes functions

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图 10 版面设计试验具体流程

Figure 10. Specific process of layout design test

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图 11 平均搜寻时间随信息数量变化曲线

Figure 11. Curve of average search time with information quantity

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图 12 驶出太平互通横向偏移曲线

Figure 12. Lateral deviation curve for driving out of Taiping interchange

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图 13 驶出太平互通速度变化曲线

Figure 13. Speed curve for driving out of Taiping interchange

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图 14 驶出太平互通加速度变化曲线

Figure 14. Acceleration curve for driving out of Taiping interchange

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图 15 太平互通出口指路标志注视时长

Figure 15. Traffic sign gaze duration for driving out of Taiping interchange

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图 16 车辆内外幅换道点距离换道起始点距离频数分布

Figure 16. Frequency distribution of the distance between vehicle inner and outer lane changing and the starting point of the lane changing locations

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表 1 复合式高速公路指路信息分级表

Table 1. Composite expressway guide information grading table

信息类型		远程信息	近程信息
公路编号（名称）		高速公路、国道、城市快速路编号（名称）	省道、城市主干线编号（名称）
地区名称信息		重要地区（直辖市、省会、自治区首府、副省级城市、地级市）、卫星城镇	主要地区（县及县级市）、城区较重要地名、人口密集的居住宅区
地点名称信息	交通枢纽信息	飞机场、省级火车站、港口、江河湖海特大桥（通道型）、特长隧道等重要节点	地级火车站、长途汽车总站，大型立交
地点名称信息	文体、旅游信息	国家级旅游景区、自然保护区	省级旅游景点、自然保护区、城市重要地标性建筑、博物馆

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表 2 基于内外幅与基于车道功能信息的信息指引设计方案

Table 2. Information guide design based on inner and outer functions and lanes functions

标志位置	方案1：基于内外幅功能的信息指引方法	方案2：基于车道功能的信息指引方法
出口前3 km
出口前2.5 km
出口前2 km
出口前1.5 km
出口前1 km
出口前500 m
前基准点

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表 3 稳健估计法试验数据处理结果

Table 3. Robust estimation method test data processing results

信息数量	信息平均搜寻时间/s
3	1.39
4	1.57
5	1.93
6	2.55
7	3.39
8	4.31
9	5.74

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表 4 四分位数法试验数据处理结果

Table 4. Quartile method test data processing results

信息数量	样本总量	错误试验次数	正确率%	离群值数量	可用样本量	信息搜寻平均时间/s
3	96	0	100	5	91	1.63
4	96	0	100	5	91	1.82
5	96	1	98.96	2	93	1.96
6	96	1	98.96	1	94	2.54
7	96	3	96.88	4	89	3.17
8	96	2	97.92	6	88	4.12
9	96	5	94.79	4	87	6.10

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表 5 行驶速度与指路标志平均认读距离关系表

Table 5. Table of the relationship between driving speed and average reading distance of guide signs

行驶速度/(km/h)	平均认读距离/m	认读距离递减率/%	可提供信息搜寻时间/s
步行	316	0	227.52
40	272	14	24.48
60	239	24	14.34
80	212	33	9.64
100	179	43	6.44
120	145	54	4.35

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